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1.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 33(2): 102-106, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31480111

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The education process is understood as an activity focused on developing competencies through the use of educational tools and strategies that can be evaluated. The training of the residents in traumatology and orthopedics requires you to acquire knowledge and develop skills that will affect the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patient. Therefore, what will be the evaluation of the educational intervention on the theoretical and practical knowledge in this group of physicians on the technique of taking, measuring and preparation of hamstring graft for the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament? MATERIAL Y METHODS: A prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the impact of educational intervention in 23 Traumatology and orthopaedic residents on the use of hamstring in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through theoretical sessions and Practice on cadaverous knees with preand post-intervention evaluations. RESULTS: The correlation between the pre and post evaluation educational intervention, both theoretical and practical, was statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.4, respectively). CONCLUSION: The statistically significant correlation between preand post-educational intervention evaluations speaks of the value of learning strategies, in the case of this study, the intervention through a theoretical and practical session by a simulated patient promotes knowledge acquisition and development of skills.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El proceso de educación se entiende como una actividad enfocada a desarrollar competencias mediante el empleo de herramientas y estrategias educativas que pueden ser sometidas a evaluación. La formación del médico residente de Traumatología y Ortopedia le exige adquirir conocimientos y desarrollar destrezas que repercutirán en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico del paciente. Por lo tanto, ¿cuál será la evaluación de la intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en residentes de la especialidad de traumatología y ortopedia sobre la técnica de toma, medición y preparación de injerto de isquiotibiales para la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior? MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental para evaluar el impacto de la intervención educativa en 23 residentes de Traumatología y Ortopedia sobre el uso de isquiotibiales en la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior mediante sesiones teórica y práctica en rodillas cadavéricas con evaluaciones pre- y postintervención. RESULTADOS: La correlación entre la evaluación pre- y postintervención educativa, tanto teórica como práctica, fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.004 y p = 0.4, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: La correlación estadísticamente significativa entre evaluaciones pre- y postintervención educativa refiere el valor de las estrategias de aprendizaje, en el caso de este estudio, la intervención a través de una sesión teórica y práctica mediante un paciente simulado (práctica necroquirúrgica) promueve la adquisición de conocimientos y el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas.


Assuntos
Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Ortopedia , Traumatologia , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/métodos , Humanos , Ortopedia/educação , Estudos Prospectivos , Traumatologia/educação
2.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 33(1): 2-7, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31480118

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The management of severely traumatized extremity continues to be a matter of debate. Gustilo-Anderson tibial fractures III-B have a wide spectrum of variants, there are no guidelines using this classification for management. MESS has demonstrated functional and prognostic association. OBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of decision made by surgeons for the prescription of amputations in tibial fractures exposed grade III-B Gustilo-Anderson with MESS scale. Material and methods. RESULTS: There was no association between the variables, with the application of MESS. (2 = 1.28, p = 0.2575). Surgeons of more than 10 years, increased once the possibility of matching the result of experts (OR = 2.088, 95% CI) (p = 0.0066). CONCLUSION: Academic degrees, surgical experience, and frequent clinical practice do not influence the correct application of the MESS scale. Surgeons with more than 10 years of experience have doubled the possibility of a precise decision.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El manejo de la extremidad severamente traumatizada continúa siendo materia de debate. Las fracturas de tibia III-B de Gustilo-Anderson tienen un amplio espectro de variantes, no hay guías mediante esta clasificación para un manejo. MESS ha demostrado asociación funcional y pronóstica. OBJETIVO: Identificar el patrón de decisión por parte de los cirujanos para la prescripción de amputaciones en fracturas de tibia expuesta grado IIIB Gustilo-Anderson con escala MESS. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Es un estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico. Se evaluaron 131 ortopedistas de un centro de referencia de patología traumática, quienes con uso de la escala MESS evaluaron 10 casos clínicos representativos de fracturas de tibia expuesta grado III-B de Gustilo-Anderson presentados en dispositivo electrónico. Se evaluó la concordancia de las decisiones entre cirujanos que laboran y expertos. Se realizó análisis inferencial mediante 2 (p 0.05) de las variables del estudio: experiencia del cirujano, postgrados académicos, práctica clínica frecuente de amputaciones, concordancia de las decisiones con escala MESS con respecto al patrón de prescripción obtenido por expertos. RESULTADOS: No se encontró asociación entre las variables con la aplicación de MESS (2 = 1.28, p = 0.2575). Los cirujanos de más de 10 años incrementaron una vez la posibilidad de coincidir con el resultado de expertos (OR = 2.088, IC 95%) (p = 0.0066). CONCLUSIÓN: Las variables como postgrados académicos, experiencia quirúrgica y práctica clínica frecuente no influyen en la correcta aplicación de la escala MESS. Los cirujanos de más de 10 años de experiencia incrementaron al doble la posibilidad de una decisión precisa.


Assuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica , Fraturas Expostas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Tomada de Decisões , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tíbia , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia
3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(3): 173-181, may.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248658

RESUMO

resumen está disponible en el texto completo


Abstract: Introduction: It is essential that orthopaedic resident physicians be highly proficient in all aspects, considering the balance between supply, demand, need and context. Fundamental to identify the capacity and quality installed for their training in Mexico. Material and methods: Observational Study, transverse, non-probabilistic sampling-conglomerates, in two phases. The instrument has 8 domains, 57 variables and 4,867 items. 60 graduate professors of 20 states, 50 hospital sites, 22 university programs. Results: 1,038 years of experience (collective intelligence), 17 years of experience/teacher (01 to 50 years). Identified: acute pathology 30 (2 to 90%), chronic pathology 30 (5 to 96%), patients ˂ 15 years, 10 (3 to 30%), patients between 15 and 65 years, 47 (2 to 78%), patients ˃ 65 years, 20 (2 to 60%), number of beds/seat 20 (2 to 510), number of clinics 3 (1 to 48), number of surgical procedures/headquarters per year at the national level, was 960 (50 to 24,650). The national average per resident doctor is 362 surgeries/year with 1,450 surgical times/year. Conclusions: The needs and resources for the training of physicians specializing in orthopedics/traumatology are highly heterogeneous, so it should be adapted to the epidemiological needs of the region of influence, in an area of epidemiological transition. 62.2% expressed not having or have bad academic and scientific infrastructure at its headquarters, more than 50% without rotation overseas and ˃ 90% without regular scientific production.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Internato e Residência , Inquéritos e Questionários , México
4.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(2): 102-106, mar.-abr. 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248642

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: El proceso de educación se entiende como una actividad enfocada a desarrollar competencias mediante el empleo de herramientas y estrategias educativas que pueden ser sometidas a evaluación. La formación del médico residente de Traumatología y Ortopedia le exige adquirir conocimientos y desarrollar destrezas que repercutirán en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico del paciente. Por lo tanto, ¿cuál será la evaluación de la intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en residentes de la especialidad de traumatología y ortopedia sobre la técnica de toma, medición y preparación de injerto de isquiotibiales para la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior? Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasiexperimental para evaluar el impacto de la intervención educativa en 23 residentes de Traumatología y Ortopedia sobre el uso de isquiotibiales en la reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior mediante sesiones teórica y práctica en rodillas cadavéricas con evaluaciones pre- y postintervención. Resultados: La correlación entre la evaluación pre- y postintervención educativa, tanto teórica como práctica, fue estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.004 y p = 0.4, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La correlación estadísticamente significativa entre evaluaciones pre- y postintervención educativa refiere el valor de las estrategias de aprendizaje, en el caso de este estudio, la intervención a través de una sesión teórica y práctica mediante un paciente simulado (práctica necroquirúrgica) promueve la adquisición de conocimientos y el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas.


Abstract: Introduction: The education process is understood as an activity focused on developing competencies through the use of educational tools and strategies that can be evaluated. The training of the residents in Traumatology and Orthopedics requires you to acquire knowledge and develop skills that will affect the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patient. Therefore, what will be the evaluation of the educational intervention on the theoretical and practical knowledge in this group of physicians on the technique of taking, measuring and preparation of hamstring graft for the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament? Material y methods: A prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the impact of educational intervention in 23 Traumatology and Orthopaedic residents on the use of hamstring in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through theoretical sessions and Practice on cadaverous knees with preand post-intervention evaluations. Results: The correlation between the pre and post evaluation educational intervention, both theoretical and practical, was statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.4, respectively). Conclusion: The statistically significant correlation between preand post-educational intervention evaluations speaks of the value of learning strategies, in the case of this study, the intervention through a theoretical and practical session by a simulated patient promotes knowledge acquisition and development of skills.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ortopedia/educação , Traumatologia/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/educação , Reconstrução do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/métodos , Lesões do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior
5.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(1): 2-7, ene.-feb. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248624

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: El manejo de la extremidad severamente traumatizada continúa siendo materia de debate. Las fracturas de tibia III-B de Gustilo-Anderson tienen un amplio espectro de variantes, no hay guías mediante esta clasificación para un manejo. MESS ha demostrado asociación funcional y pronóstica. Objetivo: Identificar el patrón de decisión por parte de los cirujanos para la prescripción de amputaciones en fracturas de tibia expuesta grado IIIB Gustilo-Anderson con escala MESS. Material y métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico. Se evaluaron 131 ortopedistas de un centro de referencia de patología traumática, quienes con uso de la escala MESS evaluaron 10 casos clínicos representativos de fracturas de tibia expuesta grado III-B de Gustilo-Anderson presentados en dispositivo electrónico. Se evaluó la concordancia de las decisiones entre cirujanos que laboran y expertos. Se realizó análisis inferencial mediante χ2 (p < 0.05) de las variables del estudio: experiencia del cirujano, postgrados académicos, práctica clínica frecuente de amputaciones, concordancia de las decisiones con escala MESS con respecto al patrón de prescripción obtenido por expertos. Resultados: No se encontró asociación entre las variables con la aplicación de MESS (χ2 = 1.28, p = 0.2575). Los cirujanos de más de 10 años incrementaron una vez la posibilidad de coincidir con el resultado de expertos (OR = 2.088, IC 95%) (p = 0.0066). Conclusión: Las variables como postgrados académicos, experiencia quirúrgica y práctica clínica frecuente no influyen en la correcta aplicación de la escala MESS. Los cirujanos de más de 10 años de experiencia incrementaron al doble la posibilidad de una decisión precisa.


Abstract: Introduction: The management of severely traumatized extremity continues to be a matter of debate. Gustilo-Anderson tibial fractures III-B have a wide spectrum of variants, there are no guidelines using this classification for management. MESS has demonstrated functional and prognostic association. Objective: To identify the pattern of decision made by surgeons for the prescription of amputations in tibial fractures exposed grade III-B Gustilo-Anderson with MESS scale. Material and methods: This is a descriptive, observational, prospective, transversal, analytical study. One hundred thirty-one orthopedists from a traumatic pathology referral center were evaluated, using the MESS scale to evaluate 10 representative clinical cases of Gustilo-Anderson grade III-B tibial fractures presented in an electronic device. The concordance of the decisions between working surgeons and experts was evaluated. Inferential analysis was performed using the χ2 (p < 0.05) of the study variables: surgeon experience, academic postgraduate studies, frequent clinical practice of amputations, concordance of decisions with MESS scale with respect to the prescription pattern obtained by experts. Results: There was no association between the variables, with the application of MESS. (χ2 = 1.28, p = 0.2575). Surgeons of more than 10 years, increased once the possibility of matching the result of experts (OR = 2.088, 95% CI) (p = 0.0066). Conclusion: Academic degrees, surgical experience, and frequent clinical practice do not influence the correct application of the MESS scale. Surgeons with more than 10 years of experience have doubled the possibility of a precise decision.


Assuntos
Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Amputação Cirúrgica , Prognóstico , Tíbia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomada de Decisões
6.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 33(3): 173-181, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32246610

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: It is essential that orthopaedic resident physicians be highly proficient in all aspects, considering the balance between supply, demand, need and context. Fundamental to identify the capacity and quality installed for their training in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational Study, transverse, non-probabilistic sampling-conglomerates, in two phases. The instrument has 8 domains, 57 variables and 4,867 items. 60 graduate professors of 20 states, 50 hospital sites, 22 university programs. RESULTS: 1,038 years of experience (collective intelligence), 17 years of experience/teacher (01 to 50 years). Identified: acute pathology 30 (2 to 90%), chronic pathology 30 (5 to 96%), patients 15 years, 10 (3 to 30%), patients between 15 and 65 years, 47 (2 to 78%), patients 65 years, 20 (2 to 60%), number of beds/seat 20 (2 to 510), number of clinics 3 (1 to 48), number of surgical procedures/headquarters per year at the national level, was 960 (50 to 24,650). The national average per resident doctor is 362 surgeries/year with 1,450 surgical times/year. CONCLUSIONS: The needs and resources for the training of physicians specializing in orthopedics/traumatology are highly heterogeneous, so it should be adapted to the epidemiological needs of the region of influence, in an area of epidemiological transition. 62.2% expressed not having or have bad academic and scientific infrastructure at its headquarters, more than 50% without rotation overseas and 90% without regular scientific production.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Es fundamental que los médicos residentes de ortopedia (traumatología) sean altamente competentes en todos los aspectos, considerando el equilibrio entre la oferta, demanda, necesidad y contexto. Es primordial identificar la capacidad y calidad instalada para su formación en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, transversal, muestreo no probabilístico-conglomerados, en dos fases. El instrumento tiene ocho dominios, 57 variables y 4,867 ítems. Sesenta profesores de postgrado de 20 estados, 50 sedes hospitalarias, 22 programas universitarios. RESULTADOS: 1,038 años de experiencia (inteligencia colectiva), 17 años de experiencia/profesor (01 a 50 años). Se identificó: patología aguda 30 (2 a 90%), patología crónica 30 (5 a 96%), pacientes 15 años, 10 (3 a 30%), pacientes entre 15 y 65 años, 47 (2 a 78%), pacientes 65 años, 20 (2 a 60%), número de camas/sede 20 (2 a 510), número de consultorios 3 (1 a 48), el número de procedimientos quirúrgicos/sede al año a nivel nacional fue de 960 (50 a 24,650). La media nacional por médico residente es de 362 cirugías/año con 1,450 momentos quirúrgicos/año. CONCLUSIONES: Las necesidades y recursos para la formación de médicos especialistas en ortopedia/traumatología son en alto grado heterogéneos, por lo cual se debería adaptar a las necesidades epidemiológicas de la región de influencia, en un ámbito de transición epidemiológica. Sesenta y dos punto dos por ciento expresó no tener o tener deficiente infraestructura académica y científica en su sede, más de 50% sin rotación al extranjero y 90% sin producción científica regular.


Assuntos
Internato e Residência , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Ortopedia , Humanos , México , Inquéritos e Questionários
7.
Lupus ; 6(5): 445-8, 1997.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9229363

RESUMO

In order to assess the clinical characteristics and survival rate of pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we studied SLE patients who developed this complication. We found 34 patients within a total lupus cohort of 630 patients. All the patients had severe respiratory failure. We identified three different treatment regimens: (a) oral prednisone (1 mg/kg); (b) conventional methylprednisolone (3 g total dose) and (c) massive methylprednisolone (> 4 g). The overall survival rate was 38.2% and it was correlated with the massive regimen and early treatment (within the first 48 h after the onset of the acute event).


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Hemorragia/etiologia , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Administração Oral , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/terapia , Estudos de Coortes , Comorbidade , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Hemoptise/etiologia , Hemorragia/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia/mortalidade , Hemorragia/patologia , Hemorragia/terapia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Pneumopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumopatias/mortalidade , Pneumopatias/patologia , Pneumopatias/terapia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/terapia , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , México/epidemiologia , Troca Plasmática , Plasmaferese , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
J Rheumatol ; 20(11): 1880-4, 1993 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8308773

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Assess the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the onset of rheumatic manifestations in HIV+ patients, and to compare them with a control HIV- group with similar risk factors. METHODS: We prospectively studied 74 consecutive HIV+ patients, looking for clinical and laboratory findings of rheumatic manifestations and compared them with 72 control subjects with similar risk factors for HIV who tested negative for HIV. RESULTS: Rheumatic manifestations were more frequently observed in the HIV+ group than the HIV-group (p < 0.001): Arthralgias were found in 34 (45%), arthritis in 8 (10%), and Reiter's syndrome in 6 (8%). Laboratory findings revealed rheumatoid factor in 16 (21%) HIV+ vs 2 (2%) in HIV-, antinuclear antibodies in 13 (17%) HIV+ vs 0 in HIV-, IgG anticardiolipin antibodies in 70 (94%) HIV+ vs 7 (9%) in HIV- (p < 0.001). Hyperuricemia was found in 31 HIV+ patients (41%), and hypouricemia in 4 (5%), compared with none in the HIV- group (p < 0.0001). Neoplasia were identified in 13 HIV+ patients, in 7 associated with hyperuricemia and 3 with hypouricemia. Of interest, 2 patients had urate abnormalities before the diagnosis of neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that rheumatic manifestations are more prevalent in HIV+ patients. In advanced HIV infection, hypo and hyperuricemia may be considered markers of neoplasia.


PIP: This study was conducted to assess the impact of HIV infection on the onset of rheumatic manifestations in HIV+ patients and to compare them with a control HIV- group with similar risk factors. 74 consecutive HIV+ patients were therefore studied prospectively, with researchers looking for clinical and laboratory findings of rheumatic manifestations. These cases were compared against 72 control subjects with similar risk factors for HIV who tested negative for HIV. The results suggest that rheumatic manifestations are more prevalent in HIV+ patients. Further, in advanced HIV infection, hypo and hyperuricemia may be considered markers of neoplasia. Specifically, rheumatic manifestations were found more frequently in the HIV+ group than in the HIV- group: arthralgia were found in 45%, arthritis in 10%, and Reiter's syndrome in 8%. Rheumatoid factor was found in 21% of the HIV+ group and 2% in the HIV- group, antinuclear bodies in 17% of the HIV+ group versus none in the HIV- group, and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies in 94% of the HIV+ group and 9% of the HIV- group. Hyperuricemia was observed in 31 HIV+ patients and hypouricemia in 4, compared with none in the HIV- group. Neoplasia were observed in 13 HIV+ patients. Two patients had urate abnormalities before the diagnosis and neoplasia.


Assuntos
Soropositividade para HIV/complicações , Soropositividade para HIV/epidemiologia , Doenças Reumáticas/complicações , Doenças Reumáticas/epidemiologia , Adulto , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina/sangue , Anticorpos Antinucleares/sangue , Feminino , Soronegatividade para HIV/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Doenças Reumáticas/sangue , Fator Reumatoide/sangue , Fatores de Risco , Ácido Úrico/sangue
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